Where the value of the costs and the value of the benefits of action(s) are
analysed.
If the benefits are higher than the costs, then the action shall be performed.
However, this cannot be applied universally, like the most absurd one being that
a human baby has gigantic costs for its benefits, yet humans usually
still deliver babies. (However, humans are not always so logical as they are
darwinistic, so that is why this still
occurs.)